Technology is a foundational part of today’s education landscape, yet for justice-involved students, access to digital tools and resources is often restricted. These limitations create challenges for higher education programs in correctional facilities,
where accessing even basic course material can require careful coordination. Restrictions on digital devices vary depending on multiple factors, such as whether or not the prison is federal or state, what state it is located in, facility rules, and
more.
Navigating correctional landscapes
Inherently, the correctional environment presents a unique set of challenges when working to deliver education and support students on the inside. This situation makes navigating the correctional environment critical, starting with understanding what
type of correctional facility your organization is working in and the technology policies governing that facility. Start by working to build a relationship with central office staff who oversee educational programs, understand the rules governing
technology access, and can help address problems as they arise.
Potential technology challenges and limitations
Device limitations: Access to tablets and laptops is often highly restricted due to security risks identified by the Department of Corrections. Even when these tools are available, it can seem exciting, but be misleading. It’s often
an arduous process to get books or resources loaded when facilities do have tablets, and some prisons lack the connectivity required to use them in the facility.
Connectivity limitations: Many facilities prisons are old and may not have the technology infrastructure to enable online learning or student support.
Fluency limitations: Some people who are incarcerated, particularly those who have been serving long sentences, may not have the knowledge or fluidity to use technology successfully even when it is available, given the rapid technological
advancements in recent years.
Space restrictions: Prisons were not designed to support college programs nor were they built with the digital infrastructure needed to keep up with today's technological advancements. Cafeterias, multi-purpose rooms, gymnasiums,
and sometimes classroom trailers all are used as meeting and classroom spaces. Space is often quite limited and as a result, competing priorities are in play. A class that is equipped for technology use may only be available for part of a workshop
or class, and rescheduling can be a large hassle. In a report issued by Ithaka S+R, the type of facility, regulations around movement,
security, and even the relationship between the program and correctional staff can impact the time, technology, and ability to use space for classroom programming.
These challenges and limitations can impact a students’ ability to use the essential technology needed to receive a modern day education. They can affect how educators and partners design their courses and support offerings and can cause frustrations
not only for students, but also for instructors and programs who may need to adjust their instructional strategies significantly. Creating an effective learning experience within these constraints often requires flexibility, creative problem-solving,
and a strong understanding of each facility's policies.
Strategies to overcome technology barriers
To help students overcome these technological challenges, programs can take a few key steps:
Adapting course materials for offline use: Recognizing that the internet is generally not available, instructors can adapt digital materials into printable resources. Handouts, booklets, and offline assignments ensure that students
have the same core resources as their peers, despite their lack of digital access. In cases where digital tablets or secure devices are allowed, loading these devices with pre-approved content, such as e-books and offline learning modules, is
an effective way to give students access to a wider array of study materials. Integrating student support is on the rise as a strategy as well. JSTOR’s Access in Prison initiative has advocated for a more equitable student experience no matter where the student lives.
Collaborating with Corrections staff: Collaborating with Corrections administrators and educational coordinators can clarify which devices and resources are permissible. Sometimes, these collaborations result in expanded access and
can provide for a smoother educational experience. Consider including Corrections in strategic planning sessions on the best ways to support students. There have been examples of Corrections making exemptions for student support. Corrections could
allow for laptops/Chromebooks to enter the facility that have white-listed site access and are approved for students to use for program success. Some of the most thorough programs collaborate with Corrections staff the whole way through and communication
is key throughout this process.
Offering technology orientations: In facilities where technology is available in a limited capacity, orientations on how to use the provided devices and tools can be invaluable. Some incarcerated individuals have not been upskilled
on technology and since it isn't a part of their daily life, navigating tech can be difficult in some cases. Technology orientations introduce students to the functions of available tablets or computers, ensuring they understand how to navigate
the tools available to them. Secondarily, students that have come home and do have access to technology devices, may still need support and orientation to using devices and platforms such as Gmail, MS Outlook, learning management systems, and
more. Familiarizing students with basic digital literacy skills can help ease frustrations and build confidence in their learning journey.
While technological limitations within Correctional facilities create significant challenges, creative and collaborative solutions can pave the way for justice-involved students to receive a valuable education. By adapting materials for offline use, fostering
partnerships with corrections staff, and offering technology orientations, educational programs can bridge some of the digital gaps and empower students to engage in meaningful learning. Although constraints remain, these strategies offer students
a chance to develop critical skills and a foundation for continued growth, as they prepare for their futures.
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